MAX4004/MAX4006 High-Accuracy, High-Side Current Monitors in SOT23 General Description The MAX4004/MAX4006 precision, high-side, current monitors are specifically designed for monitoring photodiode current in fiber applications. They offer a connection point for the reference current and a monitor output that produces a signal proportional to the reference current. The monitor output of the MAX4004 is a current proportional to the reference current. The monitor output of the MAX4006 is a voltage proportional to the reference current. The current monitors have six decades of dynamic range and monitor reference current of 250nA to 2.5mA with better than 5% accuracy. The photodiode current can be monitored from 10nA to 10mA with reduced accuracy. The MAX4004/MAX4006 accept a +2.7V to +22V supply voltage, suitable for PIN photodiode applications. (For higher voltage applications, refer to the MAX4007/ MAX4008 data sheet.) Internal current limiting (20mA, typ) protects the device against short-circuit-to-ground or excessive current conditions. A clamp diode protects the monitor output from overvoltage. Additionally, these devices feature thermal shutdown if the die temperature reaches +150C. The MAX4004/MAX4006 are available in tiny, spacesaving 6-pin SOT23 packages, and operate over the extended temperature range of -40C to +85C. Features Wide Reference Current Dynamic Range * Guaranteed 250nA to 2.5mA with 5% Accuracy * Extended 10nA to 10mA with 10% Monitor Accuracy Current (MAX4004) or Voltage (MAX4006) Monitor Output Reference Current-Limit Protection (20mA, typ) Voltage Clamp Protects Subsequent Output Circuitry +2.7V to +22V Wide Voltage Range Operation 6-Pin SOT23 Packages Ordering Information PART PIN-PACKAGE TOP MARK MAX4004EUT-T 6 SOT23 ABNL MAX4004EUT+T 6 SOT23 -- MAX4006EUT-T 6 SOT23 ABNN Note: All devices are specified over the -40C to +85C operating temperature range. +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. Applications Photodiode Current-Monitoring Systems Portable Instrumentation Medical Instrumentation Laboratory Instrumentation Consumer Electronics Current-to-Voltage Conversion Level Translation Pin Configuration TOP VIEW CLAMP 1 GND 2 Selector Guide INTERNAL TYPICAL RESISTOR ACCURACY PART PIN-PACKAGE MAX4004EUT-T 6 SOT23 None 5% MAX4006EUT-T 6 SOT23 10k 1% Typical Operating Circuit appears at end of data sheet. 19-2742; Rev 3; 6/15 MAX4004 MAX4006 OUT 3 SOT23 6 BIAS 5 N.C. 4 REF MAX4004/MAX4006 High-Accuracy, High-Side Current Monitors in SOT23 Absolute Maximum Ratings CLAMP to GND......................................................-0.3V to +25V BIAS, REF to GND.................................................-0.3V to +25V OUT to GND........................................-0.3V to (VCLAMP + 0.6V) Short-Circuit, REF to GND.........................................Continuous Current into any Pin..........................................................30mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 6-Pin SOT23 (derate 8.7mW/C above +70C)...........696mW Operating Temperature Range............................ -40C to +85C Junction Temperature.......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range............................. -65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................. +300C Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Electrical Characteristics (VBIAS = 5V, GND = 0V, REF = Open, VOUT = 0V (MAX4004), CLAMP = Open, TA = -40C to +85C. Typical values are at TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER Bias Voltage Range SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN VBIAS Inferred from power-supply rejection test 2.7 Bias Quiescent Current IBIAS Reference Voltage VREF Thermal Shutdown Engage Temperature Trip-Point Temperature Hysteresis Input Current Limit MAX4004 Output Current Noise MAX4006 Output Voltage Noise Output Resistance IREF = 250nA IREF = 2.5mA V 40 100 A 3.6 4 mA V TSHDN 150 C THYS REF shorted to GND, junction temperature falling 5 C 20 mA f = 0.1Hz to 10Hz iNOUT f = 0.1Hz to 10kHz f = 0.1Hz to 10Hz eNOUT ROUT f = 0.1Hz to 10kHz MAX4004 MAX4006 IREF = 250nA 0.3 IREF = 250nA 9.2 IREF = 2.5mA pARMS 1240 IREF = 250nA 0.041 IREF = 250nA 1.3 IREF = 2.5mA 0.63 IREF = 2.5mA 12.5 50 G IREF = 2.5mA 5 M 10 k 1 pA 0 to VBIAS 0.85 V IREF = 250nA REF = open Output Voltage Range VBIAS = 2.7V to 22V, IREF = 0 to 1mA, MAX4004: IOUT/IOUT = 1%, MAX4006: IVOUT/IOUT = 1% VOUT 63 IREF = 2.5mA Output Leakage www.maximintegrated.com UNITS 22 VBIAS - 0.8 VREF = VBIAS - 5V VBIAS - 1.1 MAX REF shorted to GND, junction temperature rising ILIM IREF = 2.5mA TYP 0 to VBIAS - 1.5 VRMS Maxim Integrated 2 MAX4004/MAX4006 High-Accuracy, High-Side Current Monitors in SOT23 Electrical Characteristics (continued) (VBIAS = 5V, GND = 0V, REF = Open, VOUT = 0V (MAX4004), CLAMP = Open, TA = -40C to +85C. Typical values are at TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER Output Clamp Voltage SYMBOL MAX4006 Transimpedance Gain IOUT/IREF VOUT/IREF MAX IREF = 2.5mA IREF = 10mA, VBIAS = 12V IREF = 250nA IREF = 2.5mA IREF = 10mA, VBIAS = 12V MAX4004: VBIAS = 2.7V to 22V pA 0.09 0.099 0.11 0.094 0.095 0.106 mA/mA 0.098 0.9 0.995 1.1 0.95 0.998 1.05 V/mA 0.992 IREF = 250nA 50 1000 IREF = 1mA 50 1000 IREF = 1mA 50 1000 IOUT settles within IREF = 250nA 0.1%, CIN = 10nF between REF and GND IREF = 2.5mA UNITS V 1 IREF = 250nA Power-Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) (V OUT/VOUT) MAX4006: /VBIAS VBIAS = 2.7V to 22V tS TYP 0.6 VCLAMP = 0 to 22V (IOUT/IOUT) /VBIAS Power-Up Settling Time MIN VOUT VCLAMP Output Clamp Leakage MAX4004 Current Gain CONDITIONS ppm/V 7.5 ms 90 s Note 1: All devices are 100% tested at room temperature (TA = +25C). All temperature limits are guaranteed by design. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 3 MAX4004/MAX4006 High-Accuracy, High-Side Current Monitors in SOT23 Typical Operating Characteristics (TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) 0.1 0.01 IREF = 250nA 8 2 14 20 1 0.1 0.01 26 10n 1 10 100 1m 10m 3 1 0 -1 -2 10 100 1m 10m MAX4004/6 toc03 85 VBIAS = 5V IREF = 2.5A -2.5 -4.0 IREF = 2.5A IREF = 5mA -40 -15 10 35 60 85 TRANSIENT RESPONSE (VBIAS = 5V) MAX4004/6 toc07 MAX4004/6 toc06 0 GAIN ERROR (%) 60 TEMPERATURE (C) 0.2 IREF = 25A 35 IREF = 250A GAIN ERROR vs. BIAS VOLTAGE -0.4 10 IREF = 250nA -2.0 IREF (A) IREF = 250nA -15 IREF = 10nA -1.5 -3.5 -0.2 -40 -1.0 -3.0 1 0.01 IREF = 250nA 0 -4 100n 0.1 -0.5 -3 10n 1 0.5 GAIN ERROR (%) 2 VBIAS = 5V GAIN ERROR vs. TEMPERATURE 1.0 MAX4004/6 toc04 VBIAS = 5V 4 -5 IREF = 2.5mA TEMPERATURE (C) GAIN ERROR vs. REFERENCE CURRENT 5 10 IREF (A) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) GAIN ERROR (%) 100n BIAS CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE MAX4004/6 toc05 1 VBIAS = 5V BIAS CURRENT (mA) BIAS CURRENT (mA) IREF = 2.5mA BIAS CURRENT (mA) 10 MAX4004/6 toc01 10 BIAS CURRENT vs. REFERENCE CURRENT MAX4004/6 toc02 BIAS CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE IREF 1.0mA/div 0A -0.6 -0.8 IREF = 2.5mA -1.0 -1.2 -1.4 IOUT 0.1mA/div 0A IREF = 5mA 2 7 12 17 22 400ns/div VBIAS (V) www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 4 MAX4004/MAX4006 High-Accuracy, High-Side Current Monitors in SOT23 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) STARTUP DELAY (VBIAS = 5V, IREF = 250nA) MAX4004/6 toc09 MAX4004/6 toc08 STARTUP DELAY (VBIAS = 5V, IREF = 2.5mA) CH1 CH1 0V VBIAS CH1 BIAS D.U.T. REF OUT BIAS D.U.T. REF OUT R1 CH2 RREF 0V 13pF CH2 RREF 0V RREF = 1.68k R1 = 0 RTEST = 14.0k CH1: 2V/div CH2: 1V/div CH2 RTEST SHORT-CIRCUIT RESPONSE (VBIAS = 5V) MAX4004/6 toc11 MAX4004/6 toc10 13pF 4ms/div STARTUP DELAY (VBIAS = 2.7V, IREF = 2.5mA) STARTUP DELAY (VBIAS = 2.7V, IREF = 250nA) CH1 R1 CH2 RTEST 40ms/div RREF = 16.8M R1 = 118M RTEST = 1.67M CH1: 2V/div CH2: 10mV/div VBIAS CH1 MAX4004/6 toc12 0V TA = +148C CH1 A 0V 0V VBIAS CH1 BIAS D.U.T. REF OUT BIAS D.U.T. REF OUT R1 CH2 RREF 0V RREF = 8.8M R1 = 0 RTEST = 8.1M CH1: 1V/div CH2: 50mV/div 10ms/div www.maximintegrated.com 13pF CH2 RTEST R1 CH2 RREF 0V RREF = 794 R1 = 0 RTEST = 4.01k CH1: 1V/div CH2: 200mV/div 10ms/div B C VBIAS CH1 13pF CH1 CH2 0A RTEST 20ms/div CH1: IBIAS, 10mA/div A: REF SHORTS TO GND B: CURRENT LIMIT ACTIVE C: THERMAL SHUTDOWN Maxim Integrated 5 MAX4004/MAX4006 High-Accuracy, High-Side Current Monitors in SOT23 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) VBIAS = 2.7V 1.20 VBIAS - VREF (V) B A 1.40 MAX4004/6 toc13 TA = +120C MAX4004/6 toc14 VOLTAGE DROP vs. REFERENCE CURRENT SHORT-CIRCUIT RESPONSE (VBIAS = 22V) C CH1 1.00 0.80 A 0.60 B 0.40 0A C 0.20 0 10ms/div A: TA = -40C B: TA = +25C C: TA = +85C D: TA = +100C D 100n 1 10 100 1m 10m REFERENCE CURRENT (A) CH1: IBIAS, 10mA/div A: REF SHORTS TO GND B: CURRENT LIMIT ACTIVE C: THERMAL SHUTDOWN Pin Configuration PIN NAME FUNCTION MAX4004 MAX4006 1 1 CLAMP 2 2 GND Ground 3 -- OUT Current-Monitor Output. OUT sources a current of 1/10th IREF. 4 4 REF Reference Current Output. REF provides the source current to the cathode of the photodiode. 5 5 N.C. No Connection. Not internally connected. 6 6 BIAS Bias Voltage Input. Bias voltage for photodiode. -- 3 OUT Current-Monitor Output. OUT presents a voltage proportional to IREF at 1V/mA. An internal 10k resistor connects OUT to GND (see Functional Diagram). www.maximintegrated.com Clamp Voltage Input. External potential used for voltage clamping of VOUT. Maxim Integrated 6 MAX4004/MAX4006 High-Accuracy, High-Side Current Monitors in SOT23 Functional Diagrams BIAS BIAS MAX4004 CURRENT MONITOR 10x MAX4006 CURRENT MONITOR 10x 1x 1x CLAMP OUT CURRENT CLAMP REF Detailed Description The MAX4004/MAX4006 are versatile current monitors intended for monitoring DC photodiode current in fiber applications (see the Functional Diagram). The MAX4004 output is a current that is exactly one-tenth of the reference current. The MAX4006 outputs a voltage that is proportional to the reference current with a transimpedance gain of 1V/mA achieved by a factory-trimmed, internal 10k resistor. Both current devices have six decades of dynamic range and monitor reference current ranging from 250nA to 2.5mA, the nominal operating range, with better than 5% accuracy across the entire reference current, bias voltage, and temperature ranges. The corresponding monitor outputs produce 25nA to 0.25mA (MAX4004) and 0.25mV to 2.5V (MAX4006). When the reference currents are extended to the broader range of 10nA to 10mA, an accuracy of less than 10% is maintained. Internal current limiting (20mA, typ) protects the device against shortcircuit-to-ground conditions, and a thermal shutdown feature reduces both the reference current and the monitor current to zero if the die temperature reaches +150C. The MAX4004/MAX4006 accept a +2.7V to +22V supply voltage, suitable for PIN photodiode applications. A clamping diode, shown in the Functional Diagram, is provided to protect subsequent output circuitry from an overvoltage condition. OUT CURRENT CLAMP REF GND www.maximintegrated.com CLAMP 10k GND Applications Information Clamping the Monitor Output Voltage CLAMP provides a means for diode clamping the voltage at OUT, thus VOUT is limited to VCLAMP + 0.6V. CLAMP can be connected to either an external supply, to BIAS, or can be left floating if voltage clamping is not required. Using PIN Photodiodes in Fiber Applications When using the MAX4004/MAX4006 to monitor PIN photodiode currents in fiber applications, several issues must be addressed. In applications where the photodiode must be fully depleted, keep track of voltages budgeted for each component with respect to the available supply voltage(s). The current monitor requires as much as 1.2V between BIAS and REF, which must be considered as part of the overall voltage budget. Additional voltage margin can be created if a negative supply is used in place of a ground connection, as long as the overall voltage drop experienced by the MAX4004/ MAX4006 is less than or equal to 22V. For this type of application, the MAX4004 is suggested so the output can be referenced to "true" ground and not the negative supply. The MAX4004's output current can be referenced as desired with either a resistor to ground or a transimpedance amplifier. Take care to ensure that output voltage excursions do not interfere with the required margin between BIAS and OUT. Maxim Integrated 7 MAX4004/MAX4006 High-Accuracy, High-Side Current Monitors in SOT23 In many fiber applications, OUT is connected directly to an ADC that operates from a supply voltage that is less than the voltage at BIAS. Connecting the MAX4004/ MAX4006's clamping diode output, CLAMP, to the ADC power supply helps avoid damage to the ADC. Without this protection, voltages can develop at OUT that can destroy the ADC. This protection is less critical when OUT is connected directly to subsequent transimpedance amplifiers (linear or logarithmic) that have low-impedance, near-ground-referenced inputs. If a transimpedance amp is used on the low side of the photodiode, its voltage drop must also be considered. Leakage from the clamping diode is most often insignificant over nominal operating conditions, but grows with temperature. To maintain low levels of wideband noise, lowpass filtering the output signal is suggested in applications where only DC measurements are required. Determining the required filtering components is straightforward, as the MAX4004 exhibits a very high output impedance (> 5M), while the MAX4006 exhibits an output resistance of 10k. In some applications where pilot tones are used to identify specific fiber channels, higher bandwidths are desired at OUT to detect these tones. Consider the minimum and maximum currents to be detected, then consult the frequency response and noise typical operating curves. If the minimum current is too small, insufficient monitor bandwidth could result, while too high of a current could result in excessive monitor noise across the desired bandwidth. www.maximintegrated.com Bypassing and External Components In applications where power-supply noise can interfere with DC diode measurements, additional filtering is suggested. Such noise is commonly seen when switching power supplies are used to generate the photodiode bias voltage. As shown in the typical operating circuit, a pi filter (two 0.22F capacitors and one 2.2H inductor) greatly suppress power-supply switching noise. If such a filter is already present in the bias-generating circuit, only a simple bypass capacitor at the BIAS pin is suggested. The output lowpass filter, a 10k resistor and a 10nF capacitor, further reduce permeating power-supply noise as well as other wideband noise that might otherwise restrict measurements at low signal levels. Again, reducing the bandwidth of the OUT signal can affect performance of pilot-tone systems. To restrict high-frequency photodiode signals from affecting the current monitor and BIAS power supply, an RF choke and 10nF capacitor can be added. The capacitance presented to REF should not exceed 10nF; larger values increase startup time and could cause the thermal shutdown circuit to activate during startup. Maxim Integrated 8 MAX4004/MAX4006 High-Accuracy, High-Side Current Monitors in SOT23 Typical Operating Circuit 2.2H +2.7V TO +22V 0.22F 0.22F BIAS +5V CURRENT MONITOR 10x 1x CLAMP CURRENT CLAMP REF +5V OUT ADC 10k MAX4004 10nF GND PIN PHOTODIODE TIA TO LIMITING AMPLIFIER HIGH-SPEED DATA PATH Chip Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 195 PROCESS: BiCMOS www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 9 MAX4004/MAX4006 High-Accuracy, High-Side Current Monitors in SOT23 Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE DOCUMENT NO. LAND PATTERN NO. 6 SOT23 U6SN-1 21-0058 90-0175 www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 10 MAX4004/MAX4006 High-Accuracy, High-Side Current Monitors in SOT23 Revision History REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE PAGES CHANGED 0 1/03 Initial release 1 5/03 Removed QFN package and revised Typical Operating Characteristics 2 2/06 Removed MAX4009 reference from data sheet 8 3 6/15 Updated Ordering Information 1 DESCRIPTION -- 1, 2, 4, 8, 9, 11, 12 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim Integrated's website at www.maximintegrated.com. Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance. Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. (c) 2015 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. 11 Mouser Electronics Authorized Distributor Click to View Pricing, Inventory, Delivery & Lifecycle Information: Maxim Integrated: MAX4004EUT+T MAX4006EUT+T MAX4004EUT-T